Biodiversité du relevé côtier Planification pour une intervention environnementale intégrée dans l’estuaire et le golfe du Saint-Laurent (2017–2021)

The Planning for an Environmental Response (PIER) initiative falls under the umbrella of the Government of Canada’s Oceans Protection Plan (OPP), whose goal is preserving marine ecosystems vulnerable to increased transportation and the development of the marine industry. The PIERs’ main mandate is to acquire and update biological sensitivity data under its jurisdiction for preparation and response purposes in the event of an oil spill. This dataset contains all observations of marine organisms noted during the analysis of 2959 underwater images sampled over a large extent of the coastal zone (≤10 m) of the Estuary and the Gulf of St. Lawrence (Quebec region). The dataset includes 21 490 occurrences of 150 taxa and informal categories including macroalgae, invertebrates and fish. Underwater images were collected between 2017 and 2021 according to a directed sampling protocol whose primary goal was to map large seaweed and eelgrass beds. Images were normally recorded as videos using a GoPro Hero camera installed on a pole and placed near the seabed from a small boat. The collected data served primarily as ground-truth data to validate coasting zone mapping based on aerial photographs within the framework of the PIER's initiative. The two files provided (DarwinCore format) are complementary and are linked by the "eventID" key. The "event_information" file includes generic event information, including date and location. The "occurrence_taxon" file includes the original identifiers of the observed organisms (identificationVerbatim field), identification comments and their taxonomy. Taxonomic names were verified on the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) to match recognized standards. The WoRMS match has been put in the scientificNameID field in the occurrence file. Data quality control was performed using the R packages obistools and worrms. All sampling locations were plotted on a map to perform a visual check confirming that the latitude and longitude coordinates were within the described sampling area. A visual dictionary was developed as an identification aid and accompanies this dataset. More data, including a visibility index, estimated macroalgae and eelgrass cover, substrate type and dominant macroalgae and animals were recorded but not included in this dataset. These data may be made available upon request.环境响应规划（Planning for an Environmental Response, PIER）项目隶属于加拿大政府海洋保护计划（Oceans Protection Plan, OPP），该计划的目标是保护因航运活动增加与海洋产业发展而愈发脆弱的海洋生态系统。本项目的核心任务是采集并更新其管辖范围内的生物敏感性数据，以便在发生溢油事故时开展应急准备与响应工作。 本数据集涵盖了对圣劳伦斯河口与圣劳伦斯湾（魁北克地区）沿岸带（水深≤10米）范围内采集的2959张水下图像进行分析过程中记录的所有海洋生物观测数据。本数据集共包含150个分类单元与非正式类群的21490条观测记录，涵盖大型藻类、无脊椎动物与鱼类。 水下图像采集工作于2017年至2021年间开展，遵循定向采样方案，该方案的核心目标是绘制大型海藻与鳗草床的分布图。图像通常以视频形式录制，采集设备为安装在长杆上的GoPro Hero相机，搭载于小型船只之上并放置于近海底区域。所采集的数据主要作为真实参考数据（ground-truth data），用于在PIER项目框架下验证基于航空照片生成的沿岸带地图。 本次提供的两个文件均采用达尔文核心格式（DarwinCore format），二者互为补充，并通过"eventID"字段进行关联。其中"event_information"文件包含通用事件信息，涵盖采集日期与采样位置；"occurrence_taxon"文件包含观测生物的原始标识信息（identificationVerbatim字段）、鉴定注释与分类学信息。 分类学名称已通过世界海洋物种登记册（World Register of Marine Species, WoRMS）进行验证，以符合公认标准。经WoRMS匹配得到的信息已填入该数据集文件的scientificNameID字段中。数据质量控制工作通过R语言工具包obistools与worrms完成。所有采样点位均已在地图上标注，通过目视检查确认经纬度坐标均位于描述的采样区域范围内。本数据集配套开发了可视化词典，用于辅助生物鉴定工作。 此外还有多项记录数据未纳入本数据集，包括能见度指数、大型藻类与鳗草覆盖度估算值、底质类型以及优势大型藻类与动物。此类数据可根据申请提供。