Data from: Insecticides promote viral outbreaks by altering herbivore competition

While the management of biological invasions is often characterized by a series of single-species decisions, invasive species exist within larger food webs. These biotic interactions can alter the impact of control/eradication programs and may cause suppression efforts to inadvertently facilitate invasion spread and impact. We document the rapid replacement of the invasive Bemisia MEAM1 cryptic species by the cryptic MED species throughout China, and demonstrate that MED is more tolerant of insecticides and a better vector of tomato yellow leaf curl virus ('TYLCV') than MEAM1. While MEAM1 usually excludes MED under natural conditions, insecticide application reverses the MEAM1-MED competitive hierarchy and allows MED to exclude MEAM1. The insecticide-mediated success of MED has led to TYLCV outbreaks throughout China. Our work strongly supports the hypothesis that insecticide use in China reverses the MEAM1-MED competitive hierarchy and allows MED to displace MEAM1 in managed landscapes. By promoting the dominance of a Bemisia species that is a competent viral vector, insecticides thus increase the spread and impact of TYLCV in heterogeneous agroecosystems.尽管生物入侵防控通常依托针对单一物种的一系列决策开展，但入侵物种实则存在于更大尺度的食物网之中。这类生物间的相互作用会改变防控或根除项目的实施效果，甚至可能导致防控抑制行动无意间加速入侵物种的扩散并加剧其危害。我们记录了入侵性烟粉虱属（Bemisia）MEAM1隐存种在我国全境快速被MED隐存种取代的现象，并证实相较于MEAM1，MED对杀虫剂的耐受性更强，且作为番茄黄化曲叶病毒（tomato yellow leaf curl virus, TYLCV）的传毒媒介效率更高。尽管在自然条件下MEAM1通常会排斥MED，但杀虫剂的使用会逆转二者的竞争层级，使MED得以取代MEAM1。由杀虫剂介导的MED种群优势的确立，已引发我国全境范围内番茄黄化曲叶病毒的暴发成灾。本研究有力支持了如下假说：我国的杀虫剂使用逆转了MEAM1与MED的竞争层级，使得MED在人为管理的农田生境中取代MEAM1。通过增强一种具备高效传毒能力的烟粉虱属物种的种群优势，杀虫剂进而加剧了番茄黄化曲叶病毒在异质性农业生态系统中的扩散与危害。