机械密封织构化表面粗糙度效应的有限元模型与摩擦学特性分析

为研究粗糙度效应对机械密封织构化端面承载能力、摩擦学特性以及密封性能的影响，基于有限元法建立了机械密封的混合润滑模型，针对确定性非高斯随机分布粗糙表面，考虑润滑液膜的宏微观空化作用和粗糙峰的接触，研究了圆孔型织构化机械密封的摩擦学性能和密封性能. 结果表明：平衡状态下处于全膜润滑区间的非高斯型粗糙织构表面，在研究范围内均方根值越大的表面其减摩效果越好，且泄漏率越大，从混合润滑区到全膜润滑区转变的速度也随之增大；非高斯表面的偏态值和峰态值对密封表面的承载能力，润滑性能以及密封性能有影响，但无明显规律；在混合润滑区，圆孔织构具有增摩效果，而在全膜润滑区表现出减摩效果.

To investigate the influence of surface roughness on the load-carrying capacity, tribological properties and sealing performance of textured end faces of mechanical seals, a mixed lubrication model of mechanical seals was established based on the finite element method. Aiming at deterministic non-Gaussian randomly distributed rough surfaces, considering the macro-microscopic cavitation of the lubricating fluid film and the contact of rough peaks, the tribological and sealing performances of circular-hole textured mechanical seals were studied. The results show that: for non-Gaussian rough textured surfaces in the full-film lubrication regime under equilibrium conditions, within the research scope, the larger the root mean square (RMS) value of the surface, the better the friction-reduction effect, the higher the leakage rate, and the faster the transition speed from the mixed lubrication regime to the full-film lubrication regime; the skewness and kurtosis values of non-Gaussian surfaces have impacts on the load-carrying capacity, lubrication performance and sealing performance of the sealing surfaces, but no obvious regularity can be observed; in the mixed lubrication regime, the circular-hole texture exhibits friction-increasing effect, while in the full-film lubrication regime, it shows friction-reduction effect.