Fuel and Transport Poverty in the UK Energy Transition, 2022

The FAIR project explored the causes and links between fuel poverty and transport poverty in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It collected interview data to draw up policy recommendations designed to limit the impacts of double energy vulnerability in the transition to a more sustainable future. Tens of millions of households across Europe struggle to afford adequate electricity and heating services and reliable transportation, while recent high fuel prices could lead to an increase in excess winter deaths. Tackling energy and transport poverty is thus of paramount policy importance. Here, we document the drivers and lived experiences of energy and transport poverty in the United Kingdom based on expert interviews. We find a set of policies that resonate with expert planners, implying they have a level of political and social acceptability that other measures may be lacking, notably: mandatory landlord energy efficiency upgrades, increasing the extent of financial assistance to households, cheaper (or even free) bus and train fares and restarting and expanding bus services. We buttress these findings with further suggestions for energy and transport system redesign that better meets emerging principles of energy and social justice.FAIR项目针对英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士与北爱尔兰地区的能源贫困（fuel poverty）与交通贫困（transport poverty）之间的成因及关联展开了研究。该项目通过收集访谈数据，制定了旨在缓解向更可持续未来转型过程中双重能源脆弱性影响的政策建议。欧洲数千万家庭难以负担充足的电力、供暖服务与可靠的交通出行成本，而近期高企的燃油价格可能会导致冬季超额死亡人数攀升。因此，解决能源与交通贫困问题已成为政策制定的核心要务。本研究基于专家访谈资料，梳理了英国能源与交通贫困的驱动因素与民众的切身经历。我们发现了一系列获得专家规划者高度认同的政策举措，这意味着这些举措具备其他政策手段所缺乏的政治与社会接受度，具体包括：强制要求房东开展建筑能效升级、加大对家庭的财政救助力度、降低（甚至免费）公共巴士与火车票价，以及恢复并扩充巴士运营服务。我们还针对能源与交通系统的重新设计提出了补充建议，以更好地契合当前新兴的能源正义与社会正义原则。