Bigger genomes provide environment-dependent growth benefits in grasses

Increasing genome size (GS) is associated with slower rates of DNA replication and greater cellular nitrogen and phosphorus demands. Nevertheless, plant species vary enormously in GS. Using data on grass species’ climatic niches and growth rates under different environmental conditions, we tested for growth costs or benefits associated with GS. We found that evolutionary history, photosynthetic pathway and life-history all influence the distribution of grass species’ GS. GS was constrained in annual and C4 species, the latter allowing for small cells necessary for C4 leaf anatomy. We found that larger GS were advantageous under high nitrogen availability and, for perennial species, low growth-season temperature. Increased GS benefits are likely due to associated larger cell sizes, allowing rapid biomass production where soil fertility meets nitrogen demands or when growth occurs via temperature-independent cell expansion. Our findings reveal that GS is a globally important predictor of ..., , , # Bigger genomes provide environment-dependent growth benefits in grasses ## Description of the data and file structure ### Dataset descriptions grass.niche.data.csv = Species-level data on mean grass environmental niches (relating to temperature, precipitation and soil nitrogen), life history and photosynthetic pathway grass.RGR.csv = Species-level data on grass relative growth rate under different environmental conditions, as well as life history and photosynthetic pathway grass.phylogeny.tre = Maximum clade credibility phylogeny of 660 grass species (subset for the study species for the niche analyses; from [Forrestel 2015](https://www.proquest.com/openview/64a2210dd62af9f40a72ec5f817a5073/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750)) N.B. Data on genome size (1C values) for the study species can be accessed at the Plant DNA C-values database [https://cvalues.science.kew.org/](https://cvalues.science.kew.org/) ### Explanation of abbreviations/code names used in column headings grass...基因组大小（genome size, GS）的增加与DNA复制速率减缓以及更高的细胞氮、磷需求呈正相关。然而，不同植物物种的基因组大小差异悬殊。本研究借助草本植物的气候生态位数据，以及不同环境条件下的生长速率数据，检验了基因组大小相关的生长成本与收益。研究发现，进化历史、光合途径与生活史均会影响草本植物基因组大小的分布格局。一年生物种与C4物种的基因组大小存在约束：其中C4物种可形成适配其叶片解剖结构所需的小型细胞。我们还发现，在高氮有效性环境中，以及多年生物种在生长季低温条件下，更大的基因组大小具有生长优势。基因组增大带来的收益可能源于伴随的更大细胞体积：当土壤肥力满足氮素需求时，或当生长通过不依赖温度的细胞扩张进行时，更大的细胞可实现快速生物量生产。本研究结果表明，基因组大小是全球尺度下重要的预测因子……，，，# 更大的基因组为草本植物带来依赖于环境的生长收益 ## 数据集与文件结构说明 ### 数据集描述 grass.niche.data.csv：物种水平的草本植物环境生态位平均数据（涵盖温度、降水与土壤氮素相关指标）、生活史特征及光合途径 grass.RGR.csv：物种水平的草本植物在不同环境条件下的相对生长速率（relative growth rate, RGR）数据，同时包含生活史特征与光合途径信息 grass.phylogeny.tre：涵盖660种草本植物的最大分支可信度系统发育树（为本研究生态位分析所用的物种子集；数据源自[Forrestel 2015](https://www.proquest.com/openview/64a2210dd62af9f40a72ec5f817a5073/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750)） *注：本研究涉及物种的基因组大小（1C值）数据可从植物DNA C值数据库[https://cvalues.science.kew.org/](https://cvalues.science.kew.org/)获取* ### 列标题中使用的缩写/代码名称说明 grass...