Questionnaire with university students on STEM studies in Higher Education (QSTEMHE). Dataset from STEM students from Brazilian Higher Education Institutions

This dataset originates from a research study analyzing university students' perceptions of gender in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields across Brazil and Spain. It explores the intersection of gender, race, and academic fields to uncover the cultural, social, and systemic influences on opinions about gender disparities in STEM education and careers. The dataset includes responses from 1,298 participants in Brazil and comparative data from Spain, collected using a validated questionnaire (QSTEMHE, Questionnaire with university students on STEM studies in Higher Education). The questionnaire assesses gender stereotypes, self-perceptions, interest, attitudes, and expectations regarding STEM fields. The Brazilian data was adapted for linguistic and cultural relevance and incorporates additional variables like race, which was not included in the Spanish analysis. Empirical Dimensions: Gender Stereotypes (GS) Perceptions and Self-Perceptions (PSP) Interest in STEM (INT) Attitudes (AC) Expectations about Sciences (EXP) Methodology: The data was collected through an online questionnaire distributed across higher education institutions in Brazil, ensuring representation of diverse academic levels, socioeconomic statuses, and racial backgrounds. The analysis includes descriptive and inferential statistics, such as Mann-Whitney U tests, to explore differences by gender, field of study, and race.本数据集源自一项针对巴西与西班牙两国高校学生对STEM（科学、技术、工程与数学，Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics）领域性别认知的分析研究。本研究聚焦性别、种族与学术领域的交叉维度，旨在揭示文化、社会及制度层面因素对STEM教育与职业领域性别差距相关观点的影响。 本数据集包含来自巴西的1298名受访者的作答数据，以及来自西班牙的对比数据，相关数据通过经过信效度验证的问卷QSTEMHE（高等教育STEM学习大学生调查问卷，Questionnaire with university students on STEM studies in Higher Education）收集得到。该问卷用于评估受试者对STEM领域的性别刻板印象、自我认知、兴趣倾向、态度取向及职业预期。巴西数据集针对语言与文化适配性进行了调整，并新增了西班牙分析中未纳入的种族相关变量。 实证维度： 性别刻板印象（GS，Gender Stereotypes） 认知与自我认知（PSP，Perceptions and Self-Perceptions） STEM领域兴趣（INT，Interest in STEM） 态度倾向（AC，Attitudes） 科学领域预期（EXP，Expectations about Sciences） 研究方法：数据通过线上问卷收集，在巴西各高等院校范围内发放，确保样本覆盖不同学术层次、社会经济地位与种族背景的群体。本研究采用描述性与推断性统计方法（如曼-惠特尼U检验），探究不同性别、学术领域及种族群体间的差异。