Questionnaire with university students on STEM studies in Higher Education (QSTEMHE). Dataset from STEM students from Brazilian Higher Education Institutions

This dataset originates from a research study analyzing university students' perceptions of gender in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) fields across Brazil and Spain. It explores the intersection of gender, race, and academic fields to uncover the cultural, social, and systemic influences on opinions about gender disparities in STEM education and careers. The dataset includes responses from 1,298 participants in Brazil and comparative data from Spain, collected using a validated questionnaire (QSTEMHE, Questionnaire with university students on STEM studies in Higher Education). The questionnaire assesses gender stereotypes, self-perceptions, interest, attitudes, and expectations regarding STEM fields. The Brazilian data was adapted for linguistic and cultural relevance and incorporates additional variables like race, which was not included in the Spanish analysis. Empirical Dimensions: Gender Stereotypes (GS) Perceptions and Self-Perceptions (PSP) Interest in STEM (INT) Attitudes (AC) Expectations about Sciences (EXP) Methodology: The data was collected through an online questionnaire distributed across higher education institutions in Brazil, ensuring representation of diverse academic levels, socioeconomic statuses, and racial backgrounds. The analysis includes descriptive and inferential statistics, such as Mann-Whitney U tests, to explore differences by gender, field of study, and race.本数据集源自一项针对巴西与西班牙两国大学生对STEM（科学、技术、工程与数学）领域性别认知的研究，旨在探究性别、种族与学术领域的交叉关联，以揭示文化、社会及制度性因素对STEM教育与职业领域性别差距相关观点的影响。 数据集涵盖巴西1298名受访者的答复与西班牙的对比数据，数据采集采用经过效度验证的调查问卷（QSTEMHE，高等教育STEM研究大学生问卷）。该问卷用于评估受访者针对STEM领域的性别刻板印象、自我认知、兴趣倾向、态度取向及职业期望。巴西地区的数据集针对语言与文化适配性进行了调整，并新增了种族相关变量——该变量未纳入西班牙的分析范畴。 实证维度： 性别刻板印象（GS） 认知与自我认知（PSP） STEM领域兴趣（INT） 态度（AC） 科学领域期望（EXP） 研究方法：数据通过线上问卷采集，在巴西各高等院校范围内发放，确保样本覆盖不同学术层次、社会经济地位与种族背景的群体。分析过程涵盖描述性统计与推断性统计方法，包括曼-惠特尼U检验（Mann-Whitney U tests），用于探究不同性别、学术领域及种族群体间的差异。