Transgenic trees

Genetically modified trees (transgenic trees) are currently not approved for cultivation in Europe. However, field trials are taking place in some countries, which necessitates a thorough engagement with this specific form of genetically modified plants, in particular with regard to environmental risk assessment requirements. The report provides an overview of the state of development of transgenic forest trees with regard to modified tree species and genetically modified properties such as herbicide tolerance. Environmental risk assessment challenges are addressed in the context of the current authorisation system in the EU. Possible effects of the cultivation of transgenic trees on the forest in Austria are discussed, both with regard to the functions of the forest (use, protection, welfare and recreation function) and to the objectives of nature conservation.转基因林木（Genetically modified trees, transgenic trees）目前在欧洲尚未获批开展栽培。不过部分欧洲国家已开展田间试验，这要求对这类转基因植物开展全面的研究与评估，尤其需关注其环境风险评估相关要求。本报告概述了转基因林木的研发现状，涵盖经遗传改造的林木品种以及抗除草剂耐受性等转基因性状。报告结合欧盟现行的审批体系，探讨了环境风险评估面临的各项挑战。此外，报告还讨论了转基因林木栽培对奥地利森林生态系统的潜在影响，既从森林的生产、防护、康养与游憩功能维度展开，也结合自然保护目标进行分析。