Multidiversity-multifunctionality relationship is driven by different body size soil organisms and season: Evidence from rubber plantation agroforestry system in Southwestern China

Four main taxa, using molecular (bacteria, fungi, and nematodes) and morphological (arthropods) tools were selected for assessing soil multidiversity ranging from bacteria to invertebrates. We measured 12 ecosystem functions regulated by soil organisms under the following categories: provisioning services (litter mass: particularly aboveground litter content), water availability (soil moisture), belowground primary productivity (biomass of fine root), nutrient provisioning (extracellular enzyme activities related to sugar degradation [β- glucosidase and saccharase], chitin degradation [N-acetylglucosamines], P mineralization [phosphatase], soil total C, N, and P availability), element cycling (HyN), and nutrient relations (pH).本研究选取4个主要类群，分别采用分子技术（针对细菌、真菌与线虫）和形态学手段（针对节肢动物），以评估涵盖从细菌到无脊椎动物的土壤多重多样性。我们测定了土壤生物调控的12项生态系统功能，归为以下类别：供给服务（枯落物量，尤以地上枯落物含量为指标）、水分有效性（土壤含水量）、地下初级生产力（细根生物量）、养分供给服务（糖类降解相关胞外酶活性[β-葡萄糖苷酶（β-glucosidase）、蔗糖酶（saccharase）]、几丁质降解相关胞外酶活性[N-乙酰葡糖胺酶（N-acetylglucosamines）]、磷矿化相关胞外酶活性[磷酸酶（phosphatase）]，以及土壤总碳、总氮与有效磷水平）、元素循环（HyN）以及养分关联指标（土壤pH值）。