Table_1_BcRPD3-Mediated Histone Deacetylation Is Involved in Growth and Pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea.XLSX

Histone deacetylase activity plays an important role in transcriptional repression. Botrytis cinerea is an important necrotrophic fungal pathogen distributed worldwide and parasites a wide range of hosts. However, the molecular mechanisms of how B. cinerea regulates growth and host infection remain largely unknown. Here, the function of BcRPD3, a histone deacetylase of B. cinerea, was investigated. Overexpression of the BcRPD3 gene resulted in significantly decreased acetylation levels of histone H3 and H4. The BcRPD3 overexpression strains showed slightly delayed vegetative growth, dramatically impaired infection structure formation, oxidative stress response, and virulence. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that enzymatic activity related genes, including 9 genes reported to function as virulence factors, were downregulated in BcRPD3 overexpression strain. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by qPCR confirmed the enrichment of BcRPD3 and H3Kac at the promoter regions of these nine genes. These observations indicated that BcRPD3 regulated the transcription of enzymatic activity related genes by controlling the acetylation level of histones, thereby affecting the vegetative growth, infection structure formation, oxidative stress response, and virulence of B. cinerea.组蛋白去乙酰化酶（histone deacetylase）的活性在转录抑制过程中发挥关键作用。灰葡萄孢（Botrytis cinerea）是一种全球广泛分布的重要死体营养型真菌病原菌，可侵染多种宿主。然而，目前灰葡萄孢调控生长与宿主侵染的分子机制仍未完全明确。本研究针对灰葡萄孢的组蛋白去乙酰化酶基因BcRPD3的功能开展了探究。过表达BcRPD3基因可显著降低组蛋白H3与H4的乙酰化水平。BcRPD3过表达菌株的营养生长仅出现轻微延迟，但其侵染结构形成、氧化应激响应以及致病力均受到显著损害。RNA测序（RNA-Seq）分析显示，在BcRPD3过表达菌株中，包括9个已被报道为致病因子的酶活性相关基因均呈现下调表达。染色质免疫沉淀联合定量PCR（chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by qPCR）证实，BcRPD3与H3Kac在上述9个基因的启动子区域存在富集。上述观测结果表明，BcRPD3可通过调控组蛋白乙酰化水平调节酶活性相关基因的转录，进而影响灰葡萄孢的营养生长、侵染结构形成、氧化应激响应与致病力。