Coal Mining Operation - Surface Mines

A Coal Mining Operation is a DEP primary facility type related to the Mining Program. The sub-facility types related to Coal Mining Operations that are included in eMapPA are: Coal Aboveground Storage Tank - aboveground tanks greater than 250 gallons used to store a regulated substance, motor oil or fuel on a coalmine permit. These tanks are regulated under the coal mining regulations since they are specifically exempted from the storage tank regulations. Discharge Point - Discharge of water from an area as a result of coal mining activities. Mineral Preparation Plant - Facility at which coal is cleaned and processed. Mining Stormwater GP - General permit for Stormwater discharges associated with coal mining activities in which the main pollutant is sediment. Discharge is not into a High Quality or Exceptional Value designated stream. NPDES Discharge Point - An effluent discharge at a coal mine operation permitted under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System. Post Mining Treatment - Post-mining discharges are groundwater seeps and flows that occur after a mine has been completed and reclaimed. Many of these discharges have become contaminated by contacting acid producing rock in the mine environment. Untreated discharges that enter clean streams cause acidification, which immediately kills much of the aquatic life. Coal mines that are predicted to have discharges are not permitted; however, coal mining operators are required to treat post-mining discharges in cases where the predictions do not come true. Through advances in predictive science, less than 2 percent of the permits issued today result in a post-mining discharge. New technologies, including alkaline addition and special handling of acid producing material, are being studied in order to help address the remaining 2 percent. Refuse Disposal Facility - An area used for disposal or storage of waste coal, rock, shale, slate, clay, and other coal mining related materials. Refuse Reprocessing - Facility at which coal is extracted from waste coal, rock, shale, slate, clay, and other coal mining related material, i.e., coal refuse. Surface Mine - Surface mining of coal by removing material which lies above the coal seam. Includes, but is not limited to, strip, auger, quarry, dredging and leaching mines. Underground Mine - Deep mining of coal. Includes, but is not limited to, portal, tunnel, slope and drift mines.煤矿作业（Coal Mining Operation）是与采矿计划（Mining Program）相关的DEP一级设施类型。eMapPA收录的与煤矿作业相关的子设施类型如下： 1. 煤矿地上储槽（Coal Aboveground Storage Tank）：指煤矿许可范围内用于储存受监管物质、机油或燃料、容量大于250加仑的地上储槽。该类储槽因专门豁免于储槽监管条例，故受煤矿监管法规约束。 2. 排放点（Discharge Point）：指因煤矿开采活动导致某一区域的水体排放。 3. 矿物选煤厂（Mineral Preparation Plant）：对煤炭进行清洁与加工的设施。 4. 采矿雨水通用许可（Mining Stormwater GP）：针对与煤矿开采活动相关的雨水排放通用许可，其主要污染物为沉积物，且排放去向不属于高质量或特殊价值指定溪流。 5. NPDES排放点（NPDES Discharge Point）：指依据国家污染物排放消除系统（National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System）核发许可的煤矿作业废水排放点。 6. 采矿后处理（Post Mining Treatment）：指矿山完工并完成复垦后产生的地下水渗流与径流，即采矿后排放物。此类排放物因接触矿山环境中的产酸岩石而大多受到污染。未经处理的排放物进入清洁溪流后会引发水体酸化，迅速灭杀绝大多数水生生物。对于预测会产生采矿后排放的煤矿不予核发许可；但若实际排放情况与预测不符，煤矿运营商仍需对采矿后排放物进行处理。随着预测科学的进步，当前核发的许可中仅有不到2%会产生采矿后排放。目前正研究包括添加碱性物质、特殊处理产酸物料在内的多项新技术，以应对剩余的2%排放情况。 7. 矸石处置设施（Refuse Disposal Facility）：用于处置或储存废煤、岩石、页岩、板岩、黏土及其他煤矿相关物料的区域。 8. 矸石再处理设施（Refuse Reprocessing）：从废煤、岩石、页岩、板岩、黏土及其他煤矿相关物料（即煤矸石）中提取煤炭的设施。 9. 露天煤矿（Surface Mine）：通过剥离煤层上方覆盖物进行的煤炭露天开采，涵盖但不限于剥采、螺旋钻采、采石、疏浚及溶浸采矿。 10. 地下煤矿（Underground Mine）：深层煤炭开采作业，涵盖但不限于平硐、隧道、斜井及横井采矿。