South Asia PM2.5 map: India | Data

High-resolution surface PM2.5 concentration for India, built from satellite products, surface monitors, and machine learning pipelines. This dataset is produced using a reimplementation of the Improved daily PM2.5 estimates in India reveal inequalities in recent enhancement of air quality (Kawano, et al., 2025) built by the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA). See southasia-pm2-5.energyandcleanair.org for more details. You can download daily PM2.5 data from the original authors for 1 January 2005 to 30 September 2023 from https://zenodo.org/records/13694585. Structure of the dataset The dataset is provided in CF-1.8–compliant NetCDF format, containing daily surface PM2.5 concentrations (μg/m3) at 10 km resolution over India. It includes time, x, and y dimensions, with the primary variable pm25(time, y, x). The data uses the WGS 84 / India NSF Lambert Conformal Conic projection (EPSG: 7755) to define spatial coordinates. Model accuracy We provide the results of the spatial cross-validation in a CSV file alongside the results. This has the headers r2 and rmse (in ug/m3). We use the same cross-validation metrics and methodology for daily values as for the final full model by Kawano et al. (2025). Using the data When using this data, please reference: Kawano, Ayako, et al. "Improved daily PM2.5 estimates in India reveal inequalities in recent enhancement of air quality." Science Advances 11.4 (2025): eadq1071. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adq1071 The version of the data used from Zenodo.